Features
Resurgence of Police Cadet Corps
By Dr. Kingsley Wickremasuriya
– Senior Deputy-Inspector-General of Police (Retd.)
Introduction
The National Cadet Corps (NCC) is an organization sponsored by the Ministry of Defense, operating in schools and normally including Army, Navy, and Air Force sections. The Corp is open to secondary school students and its officers are government teachers and educational administrators who serve as instructors. The Cadets are given basic military training in small arms, parades and leadership training.
The Mission of the National Cadet Corps is to train and inspire cadets using an effective training curriculum so that each cadet shall develop character, courage, sportsmanship, self-reliance, discipline, civil-mindedness, the spirit of adventure, responsibility, and comradeship to be a human resource of well-trained youth, capable of providing leadership in all aspects of life.
In 1988 the Sri Lanka Cadet Corps, which was part of the Sri Lanka Army Volunteer Force became the National Cadet Corps which was ceremonially inaugurated on April 29, 1988 by J. R. Jayewardene, the then President of Sri Lanka under the Mobilization and Supplementary Forces Act, No. 40 of 1985. Currently administered under this law it was founded in 1881 and was formerly known as the Ceylon Cadet Corps. A Director of Major General rank heads the NCC.
Former Prime Minister Sirimavo Bandaranaike wanting to create a cordial relationship between school children and the Police Department, after studying similar programs in Malaysia and Singapore initiated the Sri Lanka Police Cadet Corps with the support of the then Ministry of Education and the Sri Lanka Police Department.
The purpose of the Police Cadets Corps is to promote community spirit between the police and the public in the interest of a disciplined society and to contribute to society a group of youths with qualities of leadership, character, sportsmanship, self-assurance, ability to bear responsibilities and self-confidence.
The responsibility of forming the Sri Lanka Police Cadets Service fell on the shoulders of Stanley Senanayake who was then Inspector General of Police. It was launched on July 4, 1972, at the Reserve Police Headquarters located in Longden Place, Colombo. That was one of the first steps to creating a close association between the public and the Sri Lanka Police, among the oldest public institutions of the country. It began as an attachment of the Sri Lanka Reserve Police.
On July 3, 1972, six schools, Kingswood College, Kandy; Mahinda College, Galle; Hindu College, Jaffna; Ananda College, Colombo; Zahira College, Gampola; and Sangabodhi Vidyalaya, Nittambuwa were selected for the pilot project. By 1978, this number rose to 32 boys’ schools and 19 girls’ schools. Each of these individual platoons consisted of 33 cadets. The masters, who were in charge of these platoons, were considered part of the Reserve Police and were assigned with the rank of an Inspector (IP) or a Sub Inspector (SI).
The Inspector-General’s Challenge Trophy being awarded to the best Police Cadet Platoon. (The young cadets will be recognized at a passing out parade where their parents will be present).
Twelve teachers were first chosen from six selected schools in the island to be given a special training on behalf of the Cadets Corps. They were recruited through a Police Gazette notification published in October 1972 advertising the posts of Sub-Inspectors of Police and deployed in the relevant schools.
Training in marching, physical exercises, judo, gymnastics and swimming and tasks of self-defense as well as other sports were provided by the Police Cadets Corps. This training continued from 1972 to 1985. Subsequently these activities came to a halt due to the various crises that prevailed in the country. They were recommenced in the year 2010.
With the recommencement, cadet instructors were recruited to promote the Cadets Corps with the objective of establishing such corps in every school island wide. In 2021, with the intention of promoting Police Cadet Corps in the northern and eastern areas, Tamil police officers deployed at police stations in those areas were selected for Cadet Corps activities and given training. Later arrangements were made to deploy them as instructors. Furthermore, a Police Cadet Corps was established within the Sri Lanka Police as a Division of the Police Cadets Corps, on 16.06.2022 and a Senior Superintendent of Police was appointed to supervise its work.
Despite the original intention of Mrs. Bandaranaike in initiating a Police Cadet Corps to create a cordial relationship between schoolchildren and the Police Department, the training of Police Cadets, contrary to the PM’s vision, continued to be under the Army. Although successive Inspectors-General made several attempts to bring the training of Police cadets directly under the Police, they failed and the training continued under the Army.
Resurgence of Police Cadets
In the meantime, on February 26, 2024 Minister Tiran Alles declared while addressing the ceremony to declare open the new Training Wing at, Rantambe that the Ministry of Public Security intends to establish the Police Cadet Corps (PCC) as an independent unit with a new uniform. He said the PCC has a huge responsibility in educating their schoolmates and students of their schools on how they can avoid bad influences such as drug use, and set an example in good and disciplined conduct. The minister perhaps was mindful of the drug menace that he has on his hands when he made the declaration.
It is generally known that many young people violating the law have often not been given any exposure to teamwork and the basics of leadership. The youth who break the law have no affiliation to any religious or moral values and this is a reason why they take to narcotics. In the circumstances, at a day and age when young people are prone to various forms of deviant behavior and addictions that lead to suicide, the police cadets is an excellent way to make new friends and learn valuable lessons that will enrich a young life.
CONCLUSIONS
The purpose of the Police Cadets Corps. is to promote community spirit between the police and the public on behalf of a disciplined society, and to create a peaceful environment sans fear of crimes and violence as well as to contribute to society a group of youths with qualities of leadership, character, sportsmanship, self-assurance, ability to bear responsibilities and self-confidence.
Training imparted to Police Cadets is more civilian in approach than the Training given to cadets joining the NCC. NCC and Police Cadets differ in objectives and are quite different in approach and methodology in training. Police cadets are taught about the law and the way a policeman works in real life. Therefore, this program is a great platform for these students to learn about the police. Further, experience has shown that many of them like to join the Police later in life. Therefore, it is timely that the minister has decided to establish the Police Cadet Corps (PCC) as an independent unit apart from the army.
The public see the police as the guardian or the law and its enforcer. A policeman has to deal with all classes of society and comes into contact with human nature in all its aspects. He usually has to act alone in dealing with every sort of contingency without the advice of a more experienced comrade, and without being able to refer to any book or other authority for guidance.
Those who can be depended upon to develop into policemen of that type are not to be found on the highways and byways. They must be carefully selected. Not only should their educational qualifications, consonant with the educational standards of the country, be adequate, but also their character should be exemplary. Only such people can resist the many temptations to which policemen are daily exposed. They alone can walk the straight and narrow path of the Police profession. Police Cadets would, therefore, prove to be a reliable source material for recruitment to the police.
Now that the minister has decided to establish the Police Cadet Corps as an independent unit apart from the Army, it is opportune for the Police Cadets to blossom independently under the able guidance of the two dedicated officers – Deputy Inspector-General of Police – Yikson Senevirathna and Chinthaka Gunarathna, the Director (Police Cadets) under the Police Vote.
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by Dr Gotabhya Ranasinghe
Senior Consultant Cardiologist
National Hospital Sri Lanka
When we sought a meeting with Hon Dr. Ramesh Pathirana, Minister of Health, he graciously cleared his busy schedule to accommodate us. Renowned for his attentive listening and deep understanding, Minister Pathirana is dedicated to advancing the health sector. His openness and transparency exemplify the qualities of an exemplary politician and minister.
Dr. Palitha Mahipala, the current Health Secretary, demonstrates both commendable enthusiasm and unwavering support. This combination of attributes makes him a highly compatible colleague for the esteemed Minister of Health.
Our discussion centered on a project that has been in the works for the past 30 years, one that no other minister had managed to advance.
Minister Pathirana, however, recognized the project’s significance and its potential to revolutionize care for heart patients.
The project involves the construction of a state-of-the-art facility at the premises of the National Hospital Colombo. The project’s location within the premises of the National Hospital underscores its importance and relevance to the healthcare infrastructure of the nation.
This facility will include a cardiology building and a tertiary care center, equipped with the latest technology to handle and treat all types of heart-related conditions and surgeries.
Securing funding was a major milestone for this initiative. Minister Pathirana successfully obtained approval for a $40 billion loan from the Asian Development Bank. With the funding in place, the foundation stone is scheduled to be laid in September this year, and construction will begin in January 2025.
This project guarantees a consistent and uninterrupted supply of stents and related medications for heart patients. As a result, patients will have timely access to essential medical supplies during their treatment and recovery. By securing these critical resources, the project aims to enhance patient outcomes, minimize treatment delays, and maintain the highest standards of cardiac care.
Upon its fruition, this monumental building will serve as a beacon of hope and healing, symbolizing the unwavering dedication to improving patient outcomes and fostering a healthier society.We anticipate a future marked by significant progress and positive outcomes in Sri Lanka’s cardiovascular treatment landscape within the foreseeable timeframe.
by Fr. Emmanuel Fernando, OMI
Jesuit Fr. Aloysius Pieris (affectionately called Fr. Aloy) celebrated his 90th birthday on April 9, 2024 and I, as the editor of our Oblate Journal, THE MISSIONARY OBLATE had gone to press by that time. Immediately I decided to publish an article, appreciating the untiring selfless services he continues to offer for inter-Faith dialogue, the renewal of the Catholic Church, his concern for the poor and the suffering Sri Lankan masses and to me, the present writer.
It was in 1988, when I was appointed Director of the Oblate Scholastics at Ampitiya by the then Oblate Provincial Fr. Anselm Silva, that I came to know Fr. Aloy more closely. Knowing well his expertise in matters spiritual, theological, Indological and pastoral, and with the collaborative spirit of my companion-formators, our Oblate Scholastics were sent to Tulana, the Research and Encounter Centre, Kelaniya, of which he is the Founder-Director, for ‘exposure-programmes’ on matters spiritual, biblical, theological and pastoral. Some of these dimensions according to my view and that of my companion-formators, were not available at the National Seminary, Ampitiya.
Ever since that time, our Oblate formators/ accompaniers at the Oblate Scholasticate, Ampitiya , have continued to send our Oblate Scholastics to Tulana Centre for deepening their insights and convictions regarding matters needed to serve the people in today’s context. Fr. Aloy also had tried very enthusiastically with the Oblate team headed by Frs. Oswald Firth and Clement Waidyasekara to begin a Theologate, directed by the Religious Congregations in Sri Lanka, for the contextual formation/ accompaniment of their members. It should very well be a desired goal of the Leaders / Provincials of the Religious Congregations.
Besides being a formator/accompanier at the Oblate Scholasticate, I was entrusted also with the task of editing and publishing our Oblate journal, ‘The Missionary Oblate’. To maintain the quality of the journal I continue to depend on Fr. Aloy for his thought-provoking and stimulating articles on Biblical Spirituality, Biblical Theology and Ecclesiology. I am very grateful to him for his generous assistance. Of late, his writings on renewal of the Church, initiated by Pope St. John XX111 and continued by Pope Francis through the Synodal path, published in our Oblate journal, enable our readers to focus their attention also on the needed renewal in the Catholic Church in Sri Lanka. Fr. Aloy appreciated very much the Synodal path adopted by the Jesuit Pope Francis for the renewal of the Church, rooted very much on prayerful discernment. In my Religious and presbyteral life, Fr.Aloy continues to be my spiritual animator / guide and ongoing formator / acccompanier.
Fr. Aloysius Pieris, BA Hons (Lond), LPh (SHC, India), STL (PFT, Naples), PhD (SLU/VC), ThD (Tilburg), D.Ltt (KU), has been one of the eminent Asian theologians well recognized internationally and one who has lectured and held visiting chairs in many universities both in the West and in the East. Many members of Religious Congregations from Asian countries have benefited from his lectures and guidance in the East Asian Pastoral Institute (EAPI) in Manila, Philippines. He had been a Theologian consulted by the Federation of Asian Bishops’ Conferences for many years. During his professorship at the Gregorian University in Rome, he was called to be a member of a special group of advisers on other religions consulted by Pope Paul VI.
Fr. Aloy is the author of more than 30 books and well over 500 Research Papers. Some of his books and articles have been translated and published in several countries. Among those books, one can find the following: 1) The Genesis of an Asian Theology of Liberation (An Autobiographical Excursus on the Art of Theologising in Asia, 2) An Asian Theology of Liberation, 3) Providential Timeliness of Vatican 11 (a long-overdue halt to a scandalous millennium, 4) Give Vatican 11 a chance, 5) Leadership in the Church, 6) Relishing our faith in working for justice (Themes for study and discussion), 7) A Message meant mainly, not exclusively for Jesuits (Background information necessary for helping Francis renew the Church), 8) Lent in Lanka (Reflections and Resolutions, 9) Love meets wisdom (A Christian Experience of Buddhism, 10) Fire and Water 11) God’s Reign for God’s poor, 12) Our Unhiddden Agenda (How we Jesuits work, pray and form our men). He is also the Editor of two journals, Vagdevi, Journal of Religious Reflection and Dialogue, New Series.
Fr. Aloy has a BA in Pali and Sanskrit from the University of London and a Ph.D in Buddhist Philosophy from the University of Sri Lankan, Vidyodaya Campus. On Nov. 23, 2019, he was awarded the prestigious honorary Doctorate of Literature (D.Litt) by the Chancellor of the University of Kelaniya, the Most Venerable Welamitiyawe Dharmakirthi Sri Kusala Dhamma Thera.
Fr. Aloy continues to be a promoter of Gospel values and virtues. Justice as a constitutive dimension of love and social concern for the downtrodden masses are very much noted in his life and work. He had very much appreciated the commitment of the late Fr. Joseph (Joe) Fernando, the National Director of the Social and Economic Centre (SEDEC) for the poor.
In Sri Lanka, a few religious Congregations – the Good Shepherd Sisters, the Christian Brothers, the Marist Brothers and the Oblates – have invited him to animate their members especially during their Provincial Congresses, Chapters and International Conferences. The mainline Christian Churches also have sought his advice and followed his seminars. I, for one, regret very much, that the Sri Lankan authorities of the Catholic Church –today’s Hierarchy—- have not sought Fr.
Aloy’s expertise for the renewal of the Catholic Church in Sri Lanka and thus have not benefited from the immense store of wisdom and insight that he can offer to our local Church while the Sri Lankan bishops who governed the Catholic church in the immediate aftermath of the Second Vatican Council (Edmund Fernando OMI, Anthony de Saram, Leo Nanayakkara OSB, Frank Marcus Fernando, Paul Perera,) visited him and consulted him on many matters. Among the Tamil Bishops, Bishop Rayappu Joseph was keeping close contact with him and Bishop J. Deogupillai hosted him and his team visiting him after the horrible Black July massacre of Tamils.
Sri Lanka-Singapore Free Trade Agreement
By Gomi Senadhira
senadhiragomi@gmail.com
“You might tell fairy tales, but the progress of a country cannot be achieved through such narratives. A country cannot be developed by making false promises. The country moved backward because of the electoral promises made by political parties throughout time. We have witnessed that the ultimate result of this is the country becoming bankrupt. Unfortunately, many segments of the population have not come to realize this yet.” – President Ranil Wickremesinghe, 2024 Budget speech
Any Sri Lankan would agree with the above words of President Wickremesinghe on the false promises our politicians and officials make and the fairy tales they narrate which bankrupted this country. So, to understand this, let’s look at one such fairy tale with lots of false promises; Ranil Wickremesinghe’s greatest achievement in the area of international trade and investment promotion during the Yahapalana period, Sri Lanka-Singapore Free Trade Agreement (SLSFTA).
It is appropriate and timely to do it now as Finance Minister Wickremesinghe has just presented to parliament a bill on the National Policy on Economic Transformation which includes the establishment of an Office for International Trade and the Sri Lanka Institute of Economics and International Trade.
Was SLSFTA a “Cleverly negotiated Free Trade Agreement” as stated by the (former) Minister of Development Strategies and International Trade Malik Samarawickrama during the Parliamentary Debate on the SLSFTA in July 2018, or a colossal blunder covered up with lies, false promises, and fairy tales? After SLSFTA was signed there were a number of fairy tales published on this agreement by the Ministry of Development Strategies and International, Institute of Policy Studies, and others.
However, for this article, I would like to limit my comments to the speech by Minister Samarawickrama during the Parliamentary Debate, and the two most important areas in the agreement which were covered up with lies, fairy tales, and false promises, namely: revenue loss for Sri Lanka and Investment from Singapore. On the other important area, “Waste products dumping” I do not want to comment here as I have written extensively on the issue.
1. The revenue loss
During the Parliamentary Debate in July 2018, Minister Samarawickrama stated “…. let me reiterate that this FTA with Singapore has been very cleverly negotiated by us…. The liberalisation programme under this FTA has been carefully designed to have the least impact on domestic industry and revenue collection. We have included all revenue sensitive items in the negative list of items which will not be subject to removal of tariff. Therefore, 97.8% revenue from Customs duty is protected. Our tariff liberalisation will take place over a period of 12-15 years! In fact, the revenue earned through tariffs on goods imported from Singapore last year was Rs. 35 billion.
The revenue loss for over the next 15 years due to the FTA is only Rs. 733 million– which when annualised, on average, is just Rs. 51 million. That is just 0.14% per year! So anyone who claims the Singapore FTA causes revenue loss to the Government cannot do basic arithmetic! Mr. Speaker, in conclusion, I call on my fellow members of this House – don’t mislead the public with baseless criticism that is not grounded in facts. Don’t look at petty politics and use these issues for your own political survival.”
I was surprised to read the minister’s speech because an article published in January 2018 in “The Straits Times“, based on information released by the Singaporean Negotiators stated, “…. With the FTA, tariff savings for Singapore exports are estimated to hit $10 million annually“.
As the annual tariff savings (that is the revenue loss for Sri Lanka) calculated by the Singaporean Negotiators, Singaporean $ 10 million (Sri Lankan rupees 1,200 million in 2018) was way above the rupees’ 733 million revenue loss for 15 years estimated by the Sri Lankan negotiators, it was clear to any observer that one of the parties to the agreement had not done the basic arithmetic!
Six years later, according to a report published by “The Morning” newspaper, speaking at the Committee on Public Finance (COPF) on 7th May 2024, Mr Samarawickrama’s chief trade negotiator K.J. Weerasinghehad had admitted “…. that forecasted revenue loss for the Government of Sri Lanka through the Singapore FTA is Rs. 450 million in 2023 and Rs. 1.3 billion in 2024.”
If these numbers are correct, as tariff liberalisation under the SLSFTA has just started, we will pass Rs 2 billion very soon. Then, the question is how Sri Lanka’s trade negotiators made such a colossal blunder. Didn’t they do their basic arithmetic? If they didn’t know how to do basic arithmetic they should have at least done their basic readings. For example, the headline of the article published in The Straits Times in January 2018 was “Singapore, Sri Lanka sign FTA, annual savings of $10m expected”.
Anyway, as Sri Lanka’s chief negotiator reiterated at the COPF meeting that “…. since 99% of the tariffs in Singapore have zero rates of duty, Sri Lanka has agreed on 80% tariff liberalisation over a period of 15 years while expecting Singapore investments to address the imbalance in trade,” let’s turn towards investment.
Investment from Singapore
In July 2018, speaking during the Parliamentary Debate on the FTA this is what Minister Malik Samarawickrama stated on investment from Singapore, “Already, thanks to this FTA, in just the past two-and-a-half months since the agreement came into effect we have received a proposal from Singapore for investment amounting to $ 14.8 billion in an oil refinery for export of petroleum products. In addition, we have proposals for a steel manufacturing plant for exports ($ 1 billion investment), flour milling plant ($ 50 million), sugar refinery ($ 200 million). This adds up to more than $ 16.05 billion in the pipeline on these projects alone.
And all of these projects will create thousands of more jobs for our people. In principle approval has already been granted by the BOI and the investors are awaiting the release of land the environmental approvals to commence the project.
I request the Opposition and those with vested interests to change their narrow-minded thinking and join us to develop our country. We must always look at what is best for the whole community, not just the few who may oppose. We owe it to our people to courageously take decisions that will change their lives for the better.”
According to the media report I quoted earlier, speaking at the Committee on Public Finance (COPF) Chief Negotiator Weerasinghe has admitted that Sri Lanka was not happy with overall Singapore investments that have come in the past few years in return for the trade liberalisation under the Singapore-Sri Lanka Free Trade Agreement. He has added that between 2021 and 2023 the total investment from Singapore had been around $162 million!
What happened to those projects worth $16 billion negotiated, thanks to the SLSFTA, in just the two-and-a-half months after the agreement came into effect and approved by the BOI? I do not know about the steel manufacturing plant for exports ($ 1 billion investment), flour milling plant ($ 50 million) and sugar refinery ($ 200 million).
However, story of the multibillion-dollar investment in the Petroleum Refinery unfolded in a manner that would qualify it as the best fairy tale with false promises presented by our politicians and the officials, prior to 2019 elections.
Though many Sri Lankans got to know, through the media which repeatedly highlighted a plethora of issues surrounding the project and the questionable credentials of the Singaporean investor, the construction work on the Mirrijiwela Oil Refinery along with the cement factory began on the24th of March 2019 with a bang and Minister Ranil Wickremesinghe and his ministers along with the foreign and local dignitaries laid the foundation stones.
That was few months before the 2019 Presidential elections. Inaugurating the construction work Prime Minister Ranil Wickremesinghe said the projects will create thousands of job opportunities in the area and surrounding districts.
The oil refinery, which was to be built over 200 acres of land, with the capacity to refine 200,000 barrels of crude oil per day, was to generate US$7 billion of exports and create 1,500 direct and 3,000 indirect jobs. The construction of the refinery was to be completed in 44 months. Four years later, in August 2023 the Cabinet of Ministers approved the proposal presented by President Ranil Wickremesinghe to cancel the agreement with the investors of the refinery as the project has not been implemented! Can they explain to the country how much money was wasted to produce that fairy tale?
It is obvious that the President, ministers, and officials had made huge blunders and had deliberately misled the public and the parliament on the revenue loss and potential investment from SLSFTA with fairy tales and false promises.
As the president himself said, a country cannot be developed by making false promises or with fairy tales and these false promises and fairy tales had bankrupted the country. “Unfortunately, many segments of the population have not come to realize this yet”.
(The writer, a specialist and an activist on trade and development issues . )
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