Importers, exporters scapegoated for shortage of foreign currency

by Sanath Nanayakkare

Sri Lankan importers and exporters are blamed for the mismatch in cash flows into the country even though the problem is due to successive governments having borrowed heavily from international lenders beyond their means without any sustainable strategy to repay those loans, says an expert.

At a virtual press briefing held by the Central Bank of Sri Lanka yesterday, Deputy Governor Dhammika Nanayakkara responding to a question on the shortage of foreign currency liquidity in the market said: “On the one hand, importers are looking to frontload their imports assuming the rupee will depreciate and their import costs will go up. They borrow rupees and purchase dollars from the market and try to hoard goods. On the other hand, exporters are holding on to their dollar balances without converting them into rupees thinking they can sell them at a higher value and make a gain when the dollar appreciates. But the export proceed conversion rule which came into effect on May 28, requires exporters to convert 25 percent of repatriated proceeds with possible exemptions up to 10 percent for specific export sectors or industries or individual exporters based on their import input requirements.”.

“Another tactic the commercial banks are adopting is when there is a lot of demand to open letters of credit (LCs) for imports, the banks ponder over the real necessity to import such goods and act on it. That is why a particular bank would ask importers to come and open their LC on another day or Bank A would ask a prospective importer to go to Bank B for this purpose. However, so far this has not affected the import of essential or intermediary goods, the Bank said.

Central Bank Governor Prof. W. D Lakshman said: “We have introduced measures to rationalise selected non- essential imports. We have proposed to the government to put strict regulations to curb the import of non-essential goods and this is still at discussion level. Some proposals we make to the government are accepted and some are not.” He said this responding to a question whether household electric goods and items which are identified by some sections as luxury goods would also come under the import ban anytime soon.

Central Bank’s Director of Economic Research Dr. Chandranath Amarasekara referred to the rule of mandatory conversion of 10% of workers remittances to rupees by banks on a weekly basis as another measure to add to build up the foreign exchange reserves.

Speaking to the media on July 5, State Minister of Finance, Capital Markets and State Enterprise Reforms Ajith Nivard Cabraal said both exporters and importers were willing to cooperate with the government to find a solution to the foreign exchange liquidity issue, as it would be beneficial for all stakeholder in the long term.